Table 1 Basic data and laboratory parameters of control and stone patients

Age (years)

54.5 ± 3.8

53.8 ± 3.0

BMI ((kg/m²)

23.6 ± 0.4

23.5 ± 0.7

Stone size (mm)

0

9.1 ± 2.3*

Urine pH

6.0 ± 0.1

6.2 ± 0.2

6.0 ± 0.2

6.1 ± 0.1

eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m²)

88.3 ± 4.7

87.6 ± 5.4

88.2 ± 5.6

85.1 ± 4.6

AP_CaOx

2.4 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 1.1*

4.8 ± 1.1^#

4.7 ± 1.1⁺

Oxalate (mg/24 h)

9.1 ± 1.8

40.4 ± 4.9*

47.8 ± 7.5^#

44.6 ± 11.9⁺

Citric acid (mg/24 h)

365.8 ± 42.1

102.4 ± 20.4*

96.8 ± 13.1^#

86.9 ± 16.9⁺

Urine protein (g/24 h)

0.09 ± 0.01

0.07 ± 0.02

0.07 ± 0.02

0.08 ± 0.01

αGST (µg/g Cr)

5.3 ± 0.8

28.4 ± 5.9*

26.3 ± 3.6^#

25.7 ± 3.3⁺

πGST (µg /g Cr)

4.9 ± 0.6

22.8 ± 4.5*

19.1 ± 4.1^#

20.7 ± 3.8⁺

MDA (µmol/g Cr)

11.7 ± 2.4

44.5 ± 2.3*

41.8 ± 2.2^#

39.8 ± 2.4⁺